David Fradin was the product manager for the Apple /// in its final days and was the person tasked with winding down the project after the decision was made to kill the line. He has written an interesting guest post over at the Aha! blog that’s worth a read if you’re interested in the history of Apple’s first business computer. Check it out here.
All posts by Mike Maginnis
Dr. Sander on the Clock chip and Applelogic.org
Here are the relevant sections of the email from Dr. Sander, as mentioned in show #13. First, on the infamous clock chip:
“The Clock chip chosen was state of the art for the time and worked pretty well for the timeframe, the problem was that National notified us just as shipment started that their QA labs had determined that their production line had contamination problems and the parts were not reliable. Since there was no second source we were stuck.”
On this Applelogic.org article, “What Really Killed the Apple III“:
“I had not seen the page you referenced but a real problem with his analysis is that the boards he evaluated were not the original fine-line boards that shipped. In fact it would be very hard to find the original boards since Apple replaced them all about 6 to 9 mos. after the original shipping. My recollection is that the number of boards replaced at that time was a few thousand, the old boards were recycled and the parts reused. He clearly looked at the improved memory connector as the original had a single wipe connection and his description fit the replacement main board. Both boards were 2 layer boards but the original used finer lines and had a large number (about 25 as I recall) wires on the back to complete the wiring. Both the original and replacement boards were 2 layer boards, the replacement design was simply the result of applying more time to the layout to use looser design rules and fewer wires (I think a couple were still there). There were also a few functional changes on the second board such as the ability to add a switch to provide an interlaced display. The replacement program was quite thorough so by the end of the first year there almost no unreliable Apple III’s in the field. An original board probably exists somewhere but I don’t know of any. Apple III’s were widely used inside Apple and replaced most of the Apple II’s fairly quickly and there were no problems observed with reliability after the early boards were replaced.”
And on the issue of loose chips on the PCB:
“I believe the source of the chips coming out of the sockets is based on the following. The system would freeze and not run so the user would remove the board and push down on the chips and it would start working again. The chip might even have not been fully seated from production and the user would feel a slight motion and think that is what fixed it. What really happened was the the board flexure from pushing on the board caused enough motion in the memory connector to clear the open. This type of failure is caused by oxidation at the contact point due to insufficient force and the slightest motion will clear the oxidation. Lifting the computer and dropping it usually also cleared the oxidation. As indicated in the article the replacement connector had multiple high force contact points and provided a very reliable connection.”
The Best of Ottalini #2
This PDF is the extracted text of files on disks included in the Washington Apple Pi’s Apple /// public domain collection, specifically APPLE-3-WAP-wap-02a and -02b. They are available on the WAP Apple /// DVD, or at your favorite file repository.
These are Dave Ottalini’s best Apple /// newsletters and articles from the 1987 issues of the WAP Journal. Here’s the table of contents:
TRAIL.COLUMNS (1987)
January
- Sourceware products
- Forth for the ///
- SOS update
February
- New Co-Chairman
- Phase /// Update
- Al Bloom joins WAP
March
- /// EZPs upgrade
- Business Basic on the GS
May
- 3EZP Upgrade Dies
- On Three News
- Meeting and SIG notes
June
- Troubleshooting
- Titan Card problems
July
- /// SIG Moves
- Tip of the Month
- Go Forth
- ThreeWorks
September
- Farewell to Richard Rowell
- News from Sun Systems
October
- Phase /// preview
- ProFile for the office
- New PD disks
November
- Phase /// highlights and lowlights
- New GS Basic
- HyperCard
December
- A look back at the year
- Music on the ///
Other Articles:
A Plus: Article about the Apple ///
Taking apart the Apple /// demo program
Latest versions of Apple /// drivers
Kidword ///: A word processing program for the little folks
Latest versions of Apple /// programs
Bibliography of the /// Magazine for 1986
Bibliography of the /// Newsletter
What’s on the new member disk
Download the PDF Here:
The Best of Ottalini #3
This PDF is the extracted text of files on disks included in the Washington Apple Pi’s Apple /// public domain collection, specifically APPLE-3-WAP-wap-03a and -03b. They are available on the WAP Apple /// DVD, or at your favorite file repository.
These are Dave Ottalini’s best Apple /// newsletters and articles from the 1988 issues of the WAP Journal. Here’s the table of contents:
TRAIL.COLUMNS (1988)
January
- New products discussed: SOS Driver Optimizer & Graphics card
February
- New PD disks discussed
- Future disks
- WPL program “PD.CON”
March
- D.A. Datasystems puts programs into the public domain
April
- Has Frank Moore Returned?
- More news from Lt. Sykora
May
- More Public Domain Disks
- /// SIG’s New Helper
June
- ThreeWorks update
- Apple /// News
July
- Sykora Software Update
- On Three News
- Sun Remarketing
August
- Menu.Maker Continued
- Menu.Maker Take Two
- New PD Disk
September
- More On Three News
- Sykora Software
- July SIG Meeting
October
- Apple /// News
- Another Graphics Board
- Music MIDI Driver
November
- Where Do I Find Parts For My Apple ///?
December
- History of the WAP /// SIG
- /// SIG Christmas List
Other Articles:
The Legacy of Daryl Anderson
Taylor Pohlman on GS Basic (Parts 1 & 2)
Bibliography of On Three for 1987
TAU.PD.CON: WPL program used for PD development
Download the PDF Here:
The Best of Ottalini #4
This PDF is the extracted text of files on disks included in the Washington Apple Pi’s Apple /// public domain collection, specifically APPLE-3-WAP-wap-04a and -04b. They are available on the WAP Apple /// DVD, or at your favorite file repository.
These are Dave Ottalini’s best Apple /// newsletters and articles from the 1989 issues of the WAP Journal. Here’s the table of contents:
TRAIL.COLUMNS (1989)
January
- Happy New Year
- Robert Lissner on 3EZ Pieces
February
- Reprint of January with comments on WAP 10th Anniversary
March
- Telecommunications News
- TerminALL operation
- On Three
April
- Spring maintenance tips
- On Three News
- PD Disks
May
- A Visit to On Three
- Apple Users Group International
June
- Pascal Menu.Maker
- Other PD Disks
- Desktop Publishing on the ///
July
- The Lisa Shop
- On Three discontinues 800 number & BBS dies
August
- New ThreeWorks update
- PD Disks
September
- Telecom Month at the WAP /// SIG
- Bob Consorti moves
October
- ThreeWorks update
- Parallel printers
- PublishIt!2 problems
November
- PD Offerings
- Kudos and comments
- Power Supplies
December
- A look back at 1989 and…
- … A look forward to 1990
- On Three news
Other Articles:
Best Public Domain disks for the holidays
Using the WAP TCS
Bargains for Apple ///ers in hardware and software
A history of 3EZ Pieces, an integrated Apple /// program
Finding parts for the Apple ///
More on finding Apple /// information
Apple Announces New Micro Line
Download the PDF Here:
The Best of Ottalini #5
This PDF is the extracted text of files on disks included in the Washington Apple Pi’s Apple /// public domain collection, specifically APPLE-3-WAP-wap-05a and -05b. They are available on the WAP Apple /// DVD, or at your favorite file repository.
These are Dave Ottalini’s best Apple /// newsletters and articles from the 1990 issues of the WAP Journal. Here’s the table of contents:
TRAIL.COLUMNS (1990)
January
- The Year Ahead
- Repairs
- Color Monitors for the ///
February
- More on Repairs
- Joe Dobrowolski
- Prodigy commentary
March
- WAP 10 year anniversary
- National Apple Users Group Conference
April
- 24-pin printers
- Keyboards
May
- Happy Birthday SARA!
- On Three moves
- ThreeWorks update
June
- How to be a power user on the ///
- Dealing with Sticky Keys
July
- SIG survey results
- Titan ///+//e update
August
- 100th PD disk
- Apple /// Donation Program
- Mentor Program
September
- More on the Mentor program
- IIGIF
- Apple /// to MAC
October
- SCSI on the ///
- On Three News
- Pair Software News
November
- CD ROM Drives
- On Three News
- Donation Program
December
- Disk Drive Maintenance
- End of the Year
- PD Disks
Other Articles:
Color monitors and the Apple ///
Desk Top Publishing in Emulation Mode
On Three Bibliography for 1989
A new RGB circuit for the /// (by D. D. Meisel)
Download the PDF Here:
The Best of Ottalini #6
This PDF is the extracted text of files on disks included in the Washington Apple Pi’s Apple /// public domain collection, specifically APPLE-3-WAP-wap-06a and -06b. They are available on the WAP Apple /// DVD, or at your favorite file repository.
These are Dave Ottalini’s best Apple /// newsletters and articles from the 1991 issues of the WAP Journal. Here’s the table of contents:
TRAIL.COLUMNS (1991)
January
- Some Nice Words
- A+/InCider
- Dobrowolski News
February
- Apple /// emulation on the Mac
- February Disks
March
- On Three
- Printer Questions
- Disk Library
April
- ///+//e Cards
- Apple ///ers Unanimous
- EASY Accounting
May
- Meetings
- PD Disks
- Directory Damage
June
- A3 Donations
- Jim Jutzin
- On Three
July
- GoBack ///
- Budget Time
- PD Library
September
- Sun Remarketing
- Paul Campbell
- On Three
October
- Disk Drive Speed
- New BBS
- 256K Upgrade
November
- Bob Consorti
- TCS
December
- Holiday Gifts
- Other Clubs
- PD Library
Other Articles:
Cooling the Jets on your Hot Apple ///
How to buy and collect old computers By Tim Swenson
Review of the //GS version of DTM
The Apple ///: Death Bed or New Found Life
Using DTM Macros
Download the PDF Here:
ON THREE CPS Universal Disk Driver
We’ve located a copy of the CPS Universal Disk Driver that Bob Consorti wrote and distributed through ON THREE in 1987. It’s the only file on the non-bootable SOS disk included in the image (download ON_THREE_Universal_CPS_Driver). You can build this into your existing driver files with the SOS SCP.
Basically, the earlier UniDisk driver only allows you to use the Apple Liron card and Apple 800K drives. This one was written in response to reader requests for similar functionality so they could access third party devices such as the CPS controller card and drive, the AE 800K drive, etc. You can also access your Liron/UniDisk setup with it.
Note that only one 3.5″ 800K drive can be included in a daisy-chain with 5.25″ Disk /// or MicroSci drives, and it must be the last device on the chain.
Interview with sculptor/painter Tom Eckert
The cover of “Apple Magazine” (Volume 2, Number 2) featured a wooden sculpture of an Apple ///, a photo with which most “Sarasaurs” are familiar. We managed to track down Arizona artist Tom Eckert, whom Apple commissioned to create the piece back in 1980, and while Eckert declined to come on the air with us, he was happy to provide some insight into his creative process. Below, you can read our interview, which includes some never before published photos of another Apple-commissioned piece. We are grateful for Eckert’s participation.
DTI: Thanks for taking the time to answer a few questions about your famous wooden Apple /// sculpture.
TE: The old Apple III was a grand computer for the day. The other computers ran DOS as the system software while the Apple III had SOS. This system proved to be way advanced for the time. I understand it was the computer that they sent to the moon.
DTI: How did you decide to do a sculpture of the Apple ///, as opposed to the more popular Apple II computer? Was this a commissioned piece or did you find something in the design of the machine that you wanted to express in this medium?
TE: It was a commission from Apple. Computers were just coming to life then so I was intrigued to take it on as a subject for a piece. The Apple III was brand new and I created the sculpture for the cover of “Apple Magazine”. I knew nothing about computers at this time, around 1980, but I found the design “Star Wars” -like, futuristic with mysterious implications. My son, who was around 12, had friends with computers and was aware of some of the games. It was through his excitement and the commission that I got interested in computers. I purchased a VIC-20 for my son and an Apple II for myself. I believe it was this early contact with computers that led to my son’s career. After pursuing a graduate degree in robotic engineering he is now a Bay-Area sculptor involved extensively with computing and creating kinetic sculpture. He currently has a solo exhibition up at the Museum for Craft and Design, San Francisco.
DTI: How long had you been working in wood sculptures at the time?
TE: Prior to the Apple commission, I had been with wood for just a few years. My undergraduate degree is in painting and drawing, and sometime during graduate school I evolved into a sculptor. My earlier sculpture was mixed media, but primarily plastic. I switched to wood as my media of choice after learning about some of the health concerns inherent with plastics – toxic dust and harmful vapors. When I discovered what I could do with wood I went a little crazy, pushing the material to extremes. Prior to the Apple commission I created “Tank Chair” and “Bomb Clock”. Both pieces illustrate my early compulsion with the material.
DTI: What influenced your decision to use sugar maple (a very hard wood), rather than a softer wood that perhaps would have been easier to shape?
TE: I chose maple mainly because it lacks figuring (found in many other hardwoods) and is somewhat anonymous. It also works well and holds fine detail.
DTI: When did you begin working on the sculpture?
TE: I think it was around 1980.
DTI: What tools and techniques did you choose for the piece? Were these decisions informed by the particular design of the computer or the type of wood you chose?
TE: This piece was constructed, not carved. Pre-formed parts were assembled to create the finished piece. The commission goes back to a period of my working time that I refer to as my “small parts period”. I would make individual parts and then assemble them together. The Apple III sculpture is formed of many parts that were pre-formed and then assembled. The equipment used was typical to woodworking – table saw, lathe, router. The techniques used were not informed by the design or the wood used, but were consistent with the work I was doing at the time.
DTI: Does that mean that the individual keys move like a real keyboard when you press them? What about the disk drive door – does it open? Do power switches or other external parts move like they do on the real machines?
TE: None of the parts on the III work mechanically. On the Lisa, however, the plugs do plug in.
DTI: How long did the /// take to finish?
TE: As near as I can remember, it took me several months to complete. Because of the cover shoot date, Apple had a rigid deadline and I ended up working around the clock for days. I recall spraying the piece in the early morning of the due date, under set-up lights because it was still dark. Thanks to FED-EX Overnight, it just made it.
DTI: How much did the finished piece weigh?
TE: The piece is hollow and weighs less than ten pounds.
DTI: Do you still have it? If not, do you remember where it ended up?
TE: No, the last I heard it was housed in a Plexiglas vitrine at Apple headquarters in Cupertino, CA.
DTI: If it’s not inappropriate to ask, how much did Apple pay for the ///?
TE: I can’t remember how much the commission paid but a new Apple III was part of my payment. I think there was also a check but I am not sure of the amount.
DTI: We’re fascinated by your current work, especially the realist pieces. Did the challenges in creating the Apple /// sculpture in any way influence your style on future works?
TE: Thank you. My latest work has to do with illusions (the impossible, magic). I am so challenged to make these pieces. I am getting more and more interested in painting. Funny, I seem to be going full-circle. Yes, I think the Apple commissions were a prelude to some of my current work. In addition to the Apple III, Apple also commissioned me to create my version of the Lisa, as I understand the first personal computer to use mouse technology. It was intended to be a going away gift for John Couch (I think) who was the mouse developer for Apple. As it turned out the piece took me longer to make than expected and he never received it. For my commission I received a Lisa valued at around $10,000 back then. I never even opened the box and quickly sold to a businessman who used it to run his shop.
DTI: Did you ever find out where the Lisa ended up? The photos you sent are the first I’ve heard or seen of that piece.
TE: I have no idea what happened to the Lisa after I shipped.
DTI: Was the Lisa made of the same materials and small-parts techniques as you employed with the Apple ///?
TE: The Lisa was made in a similar way as the Apple III. The curly cord that attaches the keyboard was the biggest challenge. It was produced by wrapping several thin strips (veneer thickness) of maple around a cardboard tube with glue between each layer – the tube served as the form. The tube was then crushed and I had a spring form. This wooden “spring” was then shaped by hand.
DTI: Do you remember who within Apple commissioned the pieces?
TE: My contact within Apple was Phil Raymond. I believe he was Apple’s design director at the time.
DTI: Did Apple send you sample machines to reference while you worked, or were you restricted to pictures/plans, etc?
TE: Yes, I was given both an Apple III and a Lisa (Phil said it was a low production number).
DTI: Did you take any pictures of the pieces as you were working on them?
TE: I have a vague memory of some working images but not sure if they still exist. These commissions happened before digital photography, making progress shots of work much less convenient.
About Tom Eckert
Tom Eckert received his M.F.A. degree from Arizona State University, with advanced study at California State University at Northridge. He uses a wide variety of woodworking techniques in his sculptural pieces, including laminating, bending, carving, turning and painting. Exhibited in over 150 national and international exhibitions since 1966, his work is shown throughout the United States and the Netherlands, and was part of the Craft in America traveling exhibition. Solo exhibitions include Scottsdale Center for the Arts (AZ), Tempe Center for the Arts (AZ), Mesa Center for the Arts (AZ), Lois Lambert Gallery (CA), Mobilia Gallery (MA), Himovitz Miller Gallery (CA), West Valley Art Museum (AZ) and Gallery Materia/The Hand and the Spirit Gallery (AZ).
Numerous publications include Scientific American – Mind, Studio Furniture, American Craft, Art Space, and Fine Woodworking. His many commissions include McDonald’s Corporation, OSI Industries, Arizona Governor’s Award, and Apple Computer Inc. His work is included in many private and public collections including Los Angeles County Art Museum (CA), Racine Art Museum (WI), Museum of Fine Arts (MA), Museum of Arts & Design (New York), Albuquerque Museum (NM), Tweed Museum of Art (MN), Sheldon Museum of Art (NE), El Paso Museum of Art (TX), Tucson Museum of Art (AZ), Coconino Center for the Arts (AZ), Yuma Fine Arts Center (AZ). He received a Visual Arts Fellowship from the Arizona Commission on the Arts twice and was awarded WESTAF/NEA grants in 1993 and 1989.
Visit Tom Eckert on the web here.
The Best of Ottalini #7
This PDF is the extracted text of files on disks included in the Washington Apple Pi’s Apple /// public domain collection, specifically APPLE-3-WAP-wap-07a and -07b. They are available on the WAP Apple /// DVD, or at your favorite file repository. Or you can grab them below.
These are Dave Ottalini’s best Apple /// newsletters and articles from the 1992 issues of the WAP Journal. Here’s the table of contents:
TRAIL.COLUMNS (1992)
January
- SARA and the GS
- Why SOS?
- Orphan Software
- Paul Campbell News
- How Do I: Get a volume ID using AppleWriter
- How Do I: Deal with thermal intermittents.
February
- New Members
- Paul Campbell News
- French and AppleWriter
- Great Deals
- Converting /// files to the Mac
March
- /// SIG Meting
- Titan Sale Continues
- Graphics
- Annie’s Craft in Japan
- ATUNC News
- Appreciation
April
- Sources for A3 Repairs
- ATUNC Disks
- Price Watch
May
- Titan Information on Disk
- Titan Card Problems
- Menu.Maker Upgrade
June
- SARA lives in Cupertino
- On Three update
- Detroit Update
- Japan Update
- 24 Pin Printers and the ///
- A3 Repairs
July
- Apple Book Review and the ///
- Desktop Manager Tip
- Parallel Cable Problems
- Download Problems
- Titan Report
- More Repair Sources
- AppleWriter Tip
- Modem Eliminators on the ///
August
- On Three News
- Test Your ///
- Dr. Bloom Upgrades SIGN
- Disk Notes
September
- Lisa Shop Update
- On Three’s New Products: Backup /// and GoBack
- New Font from Paul Campbell
- Parallel Cables
- ATUNC News
- Networking on the ///
October
- SuperDrive Project
- GoBack News
- On Three’s Universal 800K Driver and the CPS drive
- New SIGN program
- /// Users
November
- PD Disks Update
- Transferring Files
- Superdrive Project Update
- Steve Truax Hits the Jackpot
- 512K Upgrades
- Paul Campbell and SARA Upgrades
December
- Apple /// Systems
- PD Rumblings
- Communications Manager and 14,400 BPS Modems
- Seth Mize in Boston
- Apple /// Benchmarks
- Macs, Apple ///s and Imagewriters
- TCS Musings
Also this issue, Dave announced a major update to the popular MENU.MAKER program:
MENU.MAKER 6.0: A major upgrade to our /// SIG’s Menu.Maker program
Download the PDF and disk images here: