On this episode, we talk with Martin Haye about his experience writing an assembler/disassembler for the Apple /// as his HackFest entry at KansasFest 2015. Martin is an experienced Apple II programmer, who decided to spend KansasFest familiarizing himself with the Apple ///. After initial forays into SOS didn’t go well, and realizing that in order to write assembly language programs on the Apple /// it would be useful to have a system monitor more like the one familiar from the Apple II, and a mini-assembler for 6502 code as well, Martin dug into the ROM code and wrote M0N5T3R, a small mini-assembler and disassembler for the Apple ///. And it boots instantly, too! Although it’s small, it was written in the space of a couple of days as part of the HackFest contest (and won second place!) at KansasFest. But he learned a lot from the experience, and we learned a lot from talking to him about it. Martin also gave us some first-hand descriptions of his trip to the Stanford archives of Apple documents (which we had discussed a bit in the previous episode). We also talk of one of the first e-books, written on an Apple /// and uploaded to The Source in real time, and an Apple /// found in the woods.
We’re back for Episode 11. This time, we talk about really very small advances in booting a /// from a flash drive, the Cursor /// joystick and the history of The Keyboard Company, and a visit to the Stanford archives of Apple materials to get the real scoop on EMI/RFI emissions and the timeline of the /// plus. After that, another talk from the 1987 Phase III conference, this one by Dr. Melvin Astrahan, author of Draw On /// and the Mr. Sandman game, talking about the graphical abilities of the Apple ///.
The trip to the Stanford archives yielded two interesting Apple ///-related documents. More about these on apple2scans.net (link will be retroactively inserted here when it’s ready over there), but here are the documents themselves:
This PDF is the extracted text of files on disks included in the Washington Apple Pi’s Apple /// public domain collection, specifically APPLE-3-WAP-wap-02a and -02b. They are available on the WAP Apple /// DVD, or at your favorite file repository.
These are Dave Ottalini’s best Apple /// newsletters and articles from the 1987 issues of the WAP Journal. Here’s the table of contents:
TRAIL.COLUMNS (1987)
January
Sourceware products
Forth for the ///
SOS update
February
New Co-Chairman
Phase /// Update
Al Bloom joins WAP
March
/// EZPs upgrade
Business Basic on the GS
May
3EZP Upgrade Dies
On Three News
Meeting and SIG notes
June
Troubleshooting
Titan Card problems
July
/// SIG Moves
Tip of the Month
Go Forth
ThreeWorks
September
Farewell to Richard Rowell
News from Sun Systems
October
Phase /// preview
ProFile for the office
New PD disks
November
Phase /// highlights and lowlights
New GS Basic
HyperCard
December
A look back at the year
Music on the ///
Other Articles:
A Plus: Article about the Apple ///
Taking apart the Apple /// demo program
Latest versions of Apple /// drivers
Kidword ///: A word processing program for the little folks
Latest versions of Apple /// programs
Bibliography of the /// Magazine for 1986
Bibliography of the /// Newsletter
What’s on the new member disk
This PDF is the extracted text of files on disks included in the Washington Apple Pi’s Apple /// public domain collection, specifically APPLE-3-WAP-wap-03a and -03b. They are available on the WAP Apple /// DVD, or at your favorite file repository.
These are Dave Ottalini’s best Apple /// newsletters and articles from the 1988 issues of the WAP Journal. Here’s the table of contents:
TRAIL.COLUMNS (1988)
January
New products discussed: SOS Driver Optimizer & Graphics card
February
New PD disks discussed
Future disks
WPL program “PD.CON”
March
D.A. Datasystems puts programs into the public domain
April
Has Frank Moore Returned?
More news from Lt. Sykora
May
More Public Domain Disks
/// SIG’s New Helper
June
ThreeWorks update
Apple /// News
July
Sykora Software Update
On Three News
Sun Remarketing
August
Menu.Maker Continued
Menu.Maker Take Two
New PD Disk
September
More On Three News
Sykora Software
July SIG Meeting
October
Apple /// News
Another Graphics Board
Music MIDI Driver
November
Where Do I Find Parts For My Apple ///?
December
History of the WAP /// SIG
/// SIG Christmas List
Other Articles:
The Legacy of Daryl Anderson
Taylor Pohlman on GS Basic (Parts 1 & 2)
Bibliography of On Three for 1987
TAU.PD.CON: WPL program used for PD development
This PDF is the extracted text of files on disks included in the Washington Apple Pi’s Apple /// public domain collection, specifically APPLE-3-WAP-wap-04a and -04b. They are available on the WAP Apple /// DVD, or at your favorite file repository.
These are Dave Ottalini’s best Apple /// newsletters and articles from the 1989 issues of the WAP Journal. Here’s the table of contents:
TRAIL.COLUMNS (1989)
January
Happy New Year
Robert Lissner on 3EZ Pieces
February
Reprint of January with comments on WAP 10th Anniversary
March
Telecommunications News
TerminALL operation
On Three
April
Spring maintenance tips
On Three News
PD Disks
May
A Visit to On Three
Apple Users Group International
June
Pascal Menu.Maker
Other PD Disks
Desktop Publishing on the ///
July
The Lisa Shop
On Three discontinues 800 number & BBS dies
August
New ThreeWorks update
PD Disks
September
Telecom Month at the WAP /// SIG
Bob Consorti moves
October
ThreeWorks update
Parallel printers
PublishIt!2 problems
November
PD Offerings
Kudos and comments
Power Supplies
December
A look back at 1989 and…
… A look forward to 1990
On Three news
Other Articles:
Best Public Domain disks for the holidays
Using the WAP TCS
Bargains for Apple ///ers in hardware and software
A history of 3EZ Pieces, an integrated Apple /// program
Finding parts for the Apple ///
More on finding Apple /// information
Apple Announces New Micro Line
This PDF is the extracted text of files on disks included in the Washington Apple Pi’s Apple /// public domain collection, specifically APPLE-3-WAP-wap-05a and -05b. They are available on the WAP Apple /// DVD, or at your favorite file repository.
These are Dave Ottalini’s best Apple /// newsletters and articles from the 1990 issues of the WAP Journal. Here’s the table of contents:
TRAIL.COLUMNS (1990)
January
The Year Ahead
Repairs
Color Monitors for the ///
February
More on Repairs
Joe Dobrowolski
Prodigy commentary
March
WAP 10 year anniversary
National Apple Users Group Conference
April
24-pin printers
Keyboards
May
Happy Birthday SARA!
On Three moves
ThreeWorks update
June
How to be a power user on the ///
Dealing with Sticky Keys
July
SIG survey results
Titan ///+//e update
August
100th PD disk
Apple /// Donation Program
Mentor Program
September
More on the Mentor program
IIGIF
Apple /// to MAC
October
SCSI on the ///
On Three News
Pair Software News
November
CD ROM Drives
On Three News
Donation Program
December
Disk Drive Maintenance
End of the Year
PD Disks
Other Articles:
Color monitors and the Apple ///
Desk Top Publishing in Emulation Mode
On Three Bibliography for 1989
A new RGB circuit for the /// (by D. D. Meisel)
This PDF is the extracted text of files on disks included in the Washington Apple Pi’s Apple /// public domain collection, specifically APPLE-3-WAP-wap-06a and -06b. They are available on the WAP Apple /// DVD, or at your favorite file repository.
These are Dave Ottalini’s best Apple /// newsletters and articles from the 1991 issues of the WAP Journal. Here’s the table of contents:
TRAIL.COLUMNS (1991)
January
Some Nice Words
A+/InCider
Dobrowolski News
February
Apple /// emulation on the Mac
February Disks
March
On Three
Printer Questions
Disk Library
April
///+//e Cards
Apple ///ers Unanimous
EASY Accounting
May
Meetings
PD Disks
Directory Damage
June
A3 Donations
Jim Jutzin
On Three
July
GoBack ///
Budget Time
PD Library
September
Sun Remarketing
Paul Campbell
On Three
October
Disk Drive Speed
New BBS
256K Upgrade
November
Bob Consorti
TCS
Mail
December
Holiday Gifts
Other Clubs
PD Library
Other Articles:
Cooling the Jets on your Hot Apple ///
How to buy and collect old computers By Tim Swenson
Review of the //GS version of DTM
The Apple ///: Death Bed or New Found Life
Using DTM Macros
We’ve located a copy of the CPS Universal Disk Driver that Bob Consorti wrote and distributed through ON THREE in 1987. It’s the only file on the non-bootable SOS disk included in the image (download ON_THREE_Universal_CPS_Driver). You can build this into your existing driver files with the SOS SCP.
Basically, the earlier UniDisk driver only allows you to use the Apple Liron card and Apple 800K drives. This one was written in response to reader requests for similar functionality so they could access third party devices such as the CPS controller card and drive, the AE 800K drive, etc. You can also access your Liron/UniDisk setup with it.
Note that only one 3.5″ 800K drive can be included in a daisy-chain with 5.25″ Disk /// or MicroSci drives, and it must be the last device on the chain.
In this episode, Paul and Mike talk about the wooden Apple /// sculpture featured on the cover of Apple Magazine v2n2 and an email interview with Tom Eckert, the artist who created it. Other topics include the issues and ultimate success in booting an Apple /// with only an SD-card drive emulator, the feasibility of using alternative CP/M cards, the new firmware for the Floppy Emu to do UniDisk 3.5 emulation, and some preliminary discussion of the variants of the Cursor /// joystick.
The cover of “Apple Magazine” (Volume 2, Number 2) featured a wooden sculpture of an Apple ///, a photo with which most “Sarasaurs” are familiar. We managed to track down Arizona artist Tom Eckert, whom Apple commissioned to create the piece back in 1980, and while Eckert declined to come on the air with us, he was happy to provide some insight into his creative process. Below, you can read our interview, which includes some never before published photos of another Apple-commissioned piece. We are grateful for Eckert’s participation.
DTI: Thanks for taking the time to answer a few questions about your famous wooden Apple /// sculpture.
TE: The old Apple III was a grand computer for the day. The other computers ran DOS as the system software while the Apple III had SOS. This system proved to be way advanced for the time. I understand it was the computer that they sent to the moon.
DTI: How did you decide to do a sculpture of the Apple ///, as opposed to the more popular Apple II computer? Was this a commissioned piece or did you find something in the design of the machine that you wanted to express in this medium?
TE: It was a commission from Apple. Computers were just coming to life then so I was intrigued to take it on as a subject for a piece. The Apple III was brand new and I created the sculpture for the cover of “Apple Magazine”. I knew nothing about computers at this time, around 1980, but I found the design “Star Wars” -like, futuristic with mysterious implications. My son, who was around 12, had friends with computers and was aware of some of the games. It was through his excitement and the commission that I got interested in computers. I purchased a VIC-20 for my son and an Apple II for myself. I believe it was this early contact with computers that led to my son’s career. After pursuing a graduate degree in robotic engineering he is now a Bay-Area sculptor involved extensively with computing and creating kinetic sculpture. He currently has a solo exhibition up at the Museum for Craft and Design, San Francisco.
DTI: How long had you been working in wood sculptures at the time?
TE: Prior to the Apple commission, I had been with wood for just a few years. My undergraduate degree is in painting and drawing, and sometime during graduate school I evolved into a sculptor. My earlier sculpture was mixed media, but primarily plastic. I switched to wood as my media of choice after learning about some of the health concerns inherent with plastics – toxic dust and harmful vapors. When I discovered what I could do with wood I went a little crazy, pushing the material to extremes. Prior to the Apple commission I created “Tank Chair” and “Bomb Clock”. Both pieces illustrate my early compulsion with the material.
DTI: What influenced your decision to use sugar maple (a very hard wood), rather than a softer wood that perhaps would have been easier to shape?
TE: I chose maple mainly because it lacks figuring (found in many other hardwoods) and is somewhat anonymous. It also works well and holds fine detail.
DTI: When did you begin working on the sculpture?
TE: I think it was around 1980.
DTI: What tools and techniques did you choose for the piece? Were these decisions informed by the particular design of the computer or the type of wood you chose?
TE: This piece was constructed, not carved. Pre-formed parts were assembled to create the finished piece. The commission goes back to a period of my working time that I refer to as my “small parts period”. I would make individual parts and then assemble them together. The Apple III sculpture is formed of many parts that were pre-formed and then assembled. The equipment used was typical to woodworking – table saw, lathe, router. The techniques used were not informed by the design or the wood used, but were consistent with the work I was doing at the time.
DTI: Does that mean that the individual keys move like a real keyboard when you press them? What about the disk drive door – does it open? Do power switches or other external parts move like they do on the real machines?
TE: None of the parts on the III work mechanically. On the Lisa, however, the plugs do plug in.
DTI: How long did the /// take to finish?
TE: As near as I can remember, it took me several months to complete. Because of the cover shoot date, Apple had a rigid deadline and I ended up working around the clock for days. I recall spraying the piece in the early morning of the due date, under set-up lights because it was still dark. Thanks to FED-EX Overnight, it just made it.
DTI: How much did the finished piece weigh?
TE: The piece is hollow and weighs less than ten pounds.
DTI: Do you still have it? If not, do you remember where it ended up?
TE: No, the last I heard it was housed in a Plexiglas vitrine at Apple headquarters in Cupertino, CA.
DTI: If it’s not inappropriate to ask, how much did Apple pay for the ///?
TE: I can’t remember how much the commission paid but a new Apple III was part of my payment. I think there was also a check but I am not sure of the amount.
DTI: We’re fascinated by your current work, especially the realist pieces. Did the challenges in creating the Apple /// sculpture in any way influence your style on future works?
TE: Thank you. My latest work has to do with illusions (the impossible, magic). I am so challenged to make these pieces. I am getting more and more interested in painting. Funny, I seem to be going full-circle. Yes, I think the Apple commissions were a prelude to some of my current work. In addition to the Apple III, Apple also commissioned me to create my version of the Lisa, as I understand the first personal computer to use mouse technology. It was intended to be a going away gift for John Couch (I think) who was the mouse developer for Apple. As it turned out the piece took me longer to make than expected and he never received it. For my commission I received a Lisa valued at around $10,000 back then. I never even opened the box and quickly sold to a businessman who used it to run his shop.
DTI: Did you ever find out where the Lisa ended up? The photos you sent are the first I’ve heard or seen of that piece.
TE: I have no idea what happened to the Lisa after I shipped.
DTI: Was the Lisa made of the same materials and small-parts techniques as you employed with the Apple ///?
TE: The Lisa was made in a similar way as the Apple III. The curly cord that attaches the keyboard was the biggest challenge. It was produced by wrapping several thin strips (veneer thickness) of maple around a cardboard tube with glue between each layer – the tube served as the form. The tube was then crushed and I had a spring form. This wooden “spring” was then shaped by hand.
DTI: Do you remember who within Apple commissioned the pieces?
TE: My contact within Apple was Phil Raymond. I believe he was Apple’s design director at the time.
DTI: Did Apple send you sample machines to reference while you worked, or were you restricted to pictures/plans, etc?
TE: Yes, I was given both an Apple III and a Lisa (Phil said it was a low production number).
DTI: Did you take any pictures of the pieces as you were working on them?
TE: I have a vague memory of some working images but not sure if they still exist. These commissions happened before digital photography, making progress shots of work much less convenient.
About Tom Eckert
Tom Eckert received his M.F.A. degree from Arizona State University, with advanced study at California State University at Northridge. He uses a wide variety of woodworking techniques in his sculptural pieces, including laminating, bending, carving, turning and painting. Exhibited in over 150 national and international exhibitions since 1966, his work is shown throughout the United States and the Netherlands, and was part of the Craft in America traveling exhibition. Solo exhibitions include Scottsdale Center for the Arts (AZ), Tempe Center for the Arts (AZ), Mesa Center for the Arts (AZ), Lois Lambert Gallery (CA), Mobilia Gallery (MA), Himovitz Miller Gallery (CA), West Valley Art Museum (AZ) and Gallery Materia/The Hand and the Spirit Gallery (AZ).
Numerous publications include Scientific American – Mind, Studio Furniture, American Craft, Art Space, and Fine Woodworking. His many commissions include McDonald’s Corporation, OSI Industries, Arizona Governor’s Award, and Apple Computer Inc. His work is included in many private and public collections including Los Angeles County Art Museum (CA), Racine Art Museum (WI), Museum of Fine Arts (MA), Museum of Arts & Design (New York), Albuquerque Museum (NM), Tweed Museum of Art (MN), Sheldon Museum of Art (NE), El Paso Museum of Art (TX), Tucson Museum of Art (AZ), Coconino Center for the Arts (AZ), Yuma Fine Arts Center (AZ). He received a Visual Arts Fellowship from the Arizona Commission on the Arts twice and was awarded WESTAF/NEA grants in 1993 and 1989.